You are here
Monocotyledons / Monocotiledóneas
Philodendron purpureoviride Engl.
EOL Text
Flowering in Philodendron purpureoviride is apparently aseasonal with postanthesis material collected virtually yearround. Postanthesis or early fruiting collections have been made in every month except September but mature fruits have been collected only in January and August. Philodendron purpureoviride ranges from Costa Rica and Panama to the Pacific slope of Colombia and Ecuador (to Los Ríos and Guayas Provinces) from sea level to 1600 m elevation in premontane rain forest, tropical wet forest, tropical wet forest transition to premontane wet forest and premontane wet forest (Pwf). In Central America, it is known primarily from the Pacific slope of Costa Rica and adjacent Panama, but also from the Atlantic slope in Alajuela, Cartago and Limón Provinces in Costa Rica and in upland Chiriquí Province, Panama. Sterile collections are also known from Coclé and Darién Provinces, Panama. Philodendron purpureoviride is a member of P. sect. Philodendron subsect. Solenosterigma. This species is reportedly the dominant climber in western Ecuador in forests around San Sebastián, south of Jipijapa in the province of Manabí (A. Gentry, pers. comm.). Certainly it is to be expected in Colombia. Philodendron purpureoviride is recognized by its scandent habit, stems with the epidermis drying yellowbrown, conspicuously exfoliating off and frequently fissured, terete to somewhat flattened petioles about fourfifths as long as the blades, narrowly ovatecordate blades drying yellowgreen, solitary inflorescences, with the green spathe tube violetpurple on both surfaces. Philodendron purpureoviride is closest to and perhaps inseparable from P. lechlerianum Schott from Peru. The latter species is known from the type collected at "San Gaván" (San Gabon) in the Department of Puno, Carabaya Province as well as a more recent collection (Smith 6386) from Pasco Department. Philodendron lechlerianum differs in having more conspicuous and more prominent crossveins. If these names prove to be synonymous, P. lechlerianum is older, and it would extend the range of the species into the Amazon basin. Central American material of P. purpureoviride differs from the Ecuadorian type by having conspicuous "crossveins" throughout most of the blade. The Ecuadorian material, by contrast, has less conspicuous minor veins which lack "cross veins" except at or near the margins. In addition, Engler's description of the inflorescence was based solely on Eggers's field label. Since no fertile material associated with Eggers's original collection is apparently extant, further studies should investigate whether these specimens all represent the same species. Philodendron purpureoviride is most easily confused with P. hederaceum, also a vine with ovatecordate greenish-drying blades. The latter species is distinguished by having stems usually drying green or dark brown and without a peeling epidermis. In addition, the blades are more coriaceous, typically more broadly ovate with more (four to six) pairs of basal veins (versus two to three pairs for P. purpureoviride) and generally have more prominent primary lateral veins. Philodendron purpureoviride may also be confused with some sterile specimens of P. wilburii. The latter species has much longer peduncles and stems drying darker brown and more closely fissured with the epidermis seldom exfoliating.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | eFloras.org Copyright © Missouri Botanical Garden |
Source | http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=21&taxon_id=242417864 |
Hemiepiphytic; stem appressed-climbing, scandent, often pendent, green becoming brownish to gray-green; internodes glossy, to 25 cm long,(0.8)1–2 cm diam., longer than broad, gray-green, semiglossy, more or less terete, epidermis drying light yellow-brown, conspicuously fissured or ridged but smooth, frequently flaking free; roots thin, more or less twisting or sinuous, few per node; cataphylls 10–29 cm long, unribbed to obtusely 1-ribbed or bluntly to sharply 2-ribbed, cream to medium green, magenta speckled, quickly deciduous, fragile; petioles 9–24 cm long, 8–10 mm diam., more or less terete, somewhat spongy, somewhat flattened adaxially, surface semiglossy to glossy, frequently fissured, medium green, sometimes maroon-spotted; blades narrowly ovate-cordate, subcoriaceous, concolorous or weakly bicolorous, acuminate to long-acuminate at apex (the acumen inrolled), cordate at base, 12–23(27) cm long, 7.4–19 cm wide (1.3–1.8 times longer than wide), (0.8–2.2 times longer than petiole), broadest just below point of petiole attachment, upper surface drying yellow-green, semiglossy, lower surface glossy; anterior lobe 10–21 cm long, 7.4–19 cm wide (2.5–4.2 times longer than posterior lobes); posterior lobes (2.8)3.6–7(8.2) cm long, (3.1)4.3–7.7 cm wide; sinus hippocrepiform; midrib convex to broadly convex and slightly paler above, convex to broadly convex and paler below; basal veins ca. 3 per side, with 0–1 free to base, 2–3 coalesced to 5 mm long, flattened to raised; posterior rib 0.5–1 cm long, never naked; primary lateral veins about 3(4) per side, departing midrib at a 55–65 degree angle, more or less straight to the margins, convex to weakly raised above, convex below; interprimary veins drying darker than surface below; tertiary veins more or less obscure to visible and darker than surface below; minor veins fine below, arising from both the midrib and primary lateral veins; "cross-veins" conspicuous (in Central America). Inflorescences erect, 1 per axil; peduncle (3.5)5–7(11.5) cm long, 5–7 mm diam., subterete, purplish tinged, whitish streaked; spathe 11–15 cm long, (1.2–3(4.3–4.7) times longer than peduncle), constricted only slightly midway above the tube; spathe blade green to greenish white, with reddish speckling outside, 7–7.5 cm long, pale greenish cream inside; spathe tube violet-purple, short lineate outside, 6.7–7 cm long, dark violet-purple inside; spadix sessile; ca. 13 cm long; pistillate portion white to pale greenish white, 4.5–5 cm long, 1.5 cm diam. throughout; staminate portion 8.5–9.2 cm long; fertile staminate portion white, drying redding brown, 1.2 cm diam. throughout; sterile staminate portion 1.5 cm diam.; pistils 7.5 mm long, 1.6 mm diam.; ovary 4–5-locular, 6.2 mm long, 1.6 mm diam., with axile placentation; locules ca. 6.2 mm long; ovules 15–25 per locule, 0.2–0.25 mm long, arranged in series of 2–3, style similar to style type D; style apex with low style boss. Infructescence with pistillate spadix 6.5–7.5 cm long, 2.5–3.5 cm wide; berries 5.9 cm long, 2.5 cm diam.; seeds 24–25 per locule, yellow-orange, 1.2 mm long, 0.5 mm diam., thin and faintly striate.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | eFloras.org Copyright © Missouri Botanical Garden |
Source | http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=21&taxon_id=242417864 |