Astraea Klotzsch

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Conservation:

In a desperate attempt to salvage this genus, many animal collections have joined in efforts to gather sufficient numbers of several Partula species to breed them in captivity. Captive breeding programmes have run at the Shedd Aquarium, Detroit Zoological Park, the Zoological Society of London, and Jersey Zoo amongst others. The Zoological Society of London released captive-bred snails into a protected area on Moorea Island in August 1994. However, extensive release of captive-bred snails is not possible until Euglandina rosea has been exterminated from the islands. This sad loss to global biodiversity serves as a lesson of the ignorance of man and the consequences of the introduction of non-native species. Introduced species remain the second biggest cause of species loss after habitat destruction (2).

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Sourcehttp://www.arkive.org/partula-snails/partula-spp/

Fossil species:

recent & fossil

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Rights holder/AuthorThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 License
Sourcehttp://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=206461

Astraea (plant):

Astraea is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1841.[1][2] It is native to tropical regions of the Western Hemisphere.[3]

Species[3]
  1. Astraea aureomarginata - Paraguay
  2. Astraea cincta - Brazil
  3. Astraea comosa - Minas Gerais
  4. Astraea hauthalii - Paraguay
  5. Astraea jatropha - Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais
  6. Astraea klotzschii - E Brazil
  7. Astraea lobata - widespread from Florida and Mexico south to northern Argentina; naturalized in Africa, Indian Subcontinent, Arabian Peninsula
  8. Astraea praetervisa - Bahia

References[edit]

  1. ^ Klotzsch, Johann Friedrich. 1841. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 7(1): 194-195 descriptions in Latin, commentary in German
  2. ^ Tropicos, Astraea Klotzsch
  3. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

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Rights holder/AuthorWikipedia
Sourcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Astraea_(plant)&oldid=628903384

Habitat:

Known from seamounts and knolls

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Sourcehttp://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=206461

Statistics of barcoding coverage:

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:27
Specimens with Sequences:9
Specimens with Barcodes:9
Species:4
Species With Barcodes:4
Public Records:2
Public Species:2
Public BINs:2

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorSujeevan Ratnasingham, Paul D.N. Hebert, Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)
Sourcehttp://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=26531

Astraea (gastropod):

Fossil Astraea rugosa with signs of crab predation; Pliocene of Cyprus.

Astraea is a genus of medium to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.[2]

Species[edit]

Species within this genus include:[3]

Species brought into synonymy

References[edit]

  1. ^ Röding P. F. (1798). Museum Boltenianum sive catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturæ quæ olim collegerat Joa. Fried Bolten, M. D. p. d. per XL. annos proto physicus Hamburgensis. Pars secunda continens conchylia sive testacea univalvia, bivalvia & multivalvia. pp. [1-3], [1-8], 1-199. Hamburg. page 79.
  2. ^ a b Bouchet, P. (2012). Astraea Röding, 1798. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=206461 on 2012-03-15
  3. ^ "World Register of Marine Species". Astraea Röding, 1798. 2009. Retrieved 21 February 2010. 
  • Gofas, S.; Afonso, J.P.; Brandào, M. (Ed.). (S.a.). Conchas e Moluscos de Angola = Coquillages et Mollusques d'Angola. [Shells and molluscs of Angola]. Universidade Agostinho / Elf Aquitaine Angola: Angola. 140 pp.
  • Williams, S.T. (2007). Origins and diversification of Indo-West Pacific marine fauna: evolutionary history and biogeography of turban shells (Gastropoda, Turbinidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 92, 573–592
Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorWikipedia
Sourcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Astraea_(gastropod)&oldid=619683720

Description:

Monoecious, or rarely dioecious, shrubs or trees with an indumentum of stellate hairs and/or peltate scales. Leaves alternate, sometimes subopposite or subwhorled, simple, petiolate, with 2 sessile or stalked discoid glands on the petiole or at the base of the lamina. Inflorescences terminal, sometimes axillary, either bisexual (the female flowers usually below the males) or unisexual. Male flowers: sepals (4-)5(-6), petals usually present, (4-)5(-6), rarely more; stamens central, 5-many. Female flowers: sepals narrower than the male flowers, petals often smaller, vestigial or 0. Ovary (2-)3(-4)-locular; styles 1-several times 2-fid. Fruit dehiscent with 3 valves or cocci or ± indehiscent.

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorMark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings, Flora of Zimbabwe
Sourcehttp://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/genus.php?genus_id=842

IDnature guides:

Identification key for tree genera of Madagascar

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorJohn Pickering, Discover Life
Sourcehttp://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Croton

Biology:

These fascinating molluscs have captivated scientists for centuries, with an interesting reproductive strategy and a particularly impressive diversification of species. Occupying islands that were previously free of both competitors and predators, the Partula snails were able to fill every available niche, evolving many new species. In common with many other snail families, Partula snails are hermaphrodites, meaning that every individual produces both sperm and eggs, and possesses male and female reproductive organs. However, they do not self-fertilise, but instead court another individual by touching tentacles and lips. As they court, the male and female genitals begin to emerge from the skin behind the head, and the snails circle one another to position themselves for copulation. Before they copulate, these snails perform an extraordinary and unexplained behaviour. In a state of excitement, one of the snails expels a long, thin 'love dart' made of chalk-like calcium carbonate, pushing it into its partner's head. Shortly afterwards, the other snail reciprocates, firing a return love dart – named as an analogy to Cupid's arrow. Copulation follows, and can last for up to eight hours, during which time the mating partners exchange spermatophores (4). Uniquely, both partners give birth to fully formed, shelled offspring two weeks after fertilisation (2). Partula snails are thought to feed on algae and decaying plant matter and are known to live higher in trees as they mature. They are preyed upon by the introduced carnivorous snail, Euglandina rosea (2).

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorCopyright Wildscreen 2003-2008
Sourcehttp://www.arkive.org/partula-snails/partula-spp/

Depth range based on 6 specimens in 1 taxon.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 0.5 - 0.5
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
Rights holder/AuthorOcean Biogeographic Information System
Sourcehttp://www.iobis.org/mapper/?taxon_id=792847
Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith