Crepis
EOL Text
Subscapose perennial herbs (in ours). Leaves radical and rosulate or cauline and alternate. Capitula solitary or arranged in a corymb. Involucre obconic, becoming cylindric-campanulate. Phyllaries 2-several-seriate. Receptacle without scales, pitted. Florets yellow. Achenes ± terete and equal-ribbed, rough with ascending projections on the ribs, distinctly beaked (in ours). Pappus 1-many-seriate of barbellate, persistent setae.
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| Rights holder/Author | Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings, Flora of Zimbabwe |
| Source | http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/genus.php?genus_id=1580 |
Plant / resting place / on
Haplothrips setiger may be found on live flower of Crepis
Foodplant / feeds on
larva of Olibrus pygmaeus feeds on Crepis
Foodplant / miner
larva of Ophiomyia beckeri mines leaf (midrib, lamina) of Crepis
Plant / resting place / within
puparium of Ophiomyia cunctata may be found in leaf (base of midrib) of Crepis
Foodplant / miner
larva of Ophiomyia heringi mines stem of Crepis
Plant / resting place / within
puparium of Ophiomyia pulicaria may be found in leaf (petiole at base) of Crepis
Foodplant / parasite
underground tuber of Orobanche artemisiae-campestris parasitises root of Crepis
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / spot causer
numerous, mostly epiphyllous pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph of Septoria crepidis causes spots on fading leaf of Crepis
Remarks: Other: uncertain
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Tephritis vespertina feeds within capitulum of Crepis
Foodplant / miner
larva of Trypeta immaculata mines leaf of Crepis
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | BioImages, BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK) |
| Source | http://www.bioimages.org.uk/html/Crepis.htm |
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:186
Specimens with Sequences:227
Specimens with Barcodes:153
Species:80
Species With Barcodes:80
Public Records:133
Public Species:72
Public BINs:0
Crepis, commonly known in some parts of the world as hawksbeard or hawk's-beard (but not to be confused with the related genus Hieracium similarly appellated), is a genus of annual and perennial flowering plants of the family Asteraceae superficially resembling the dandelion, the most conspicuous difference being that Crepis usually has branching scapes with multiple heads (though solitary heads can occur). The genus name Crepis derives from the Greek krepis, meaning "slipper" or "sandal", possibly in reference to the shape of the fruit.[1]
The genus is distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and Africa,[2] and several plants are known as introduced species practically worldwide.[1] The center of diversity is in the Mediterranean.[2]
Ecology[edit]
Crepis species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the broad-barred white moth. The fly Tephritis formosa is known to attack the capitula of this plant.[3]
Seeds of Crepis species are an important food source for some bird species.[4]
Uses[edit]
In Crete, Greece the leaves of Crepis commutata which is called glykosyrida (γλυκοσυρίδα) is eaten raw, boiled, steamed or browned in salads. Another two species on the same island, Crepis vesicaria, called kokkinogoula (κοκκινογούλα), lekanida (λεκανίδα) or prikousa (πρικούσα) and a local variety called maryies (μαργιές) or pikrouses (πικρούσες) have both its leaves and tender shoots eaten boiled by the locals.
Secondary metabolites[edit]
The genus Crepis is a rich source of costus lactone-type guaianolides,[5] a class of sesquiterpene lactones.
Phenolics found in Crepis include luteolin-type flavonoids and caffeoyl quinic acid derivatives such as chlorogenic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Moreover, Crepis species contain the caffeoyl tartaric acid derivatives caffeoyl tartaric acid and cichoric acid.[6]
Diversity[edit]
There are about 200 species in the genus.[1][2]
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Species include:
- Crepis acuminata - tapertip hawksbeard, longleaf hawk's-beard
- Crepis alpestris
- Crepis alpina
- Crepis aspera
- Crepis atribarba - dark hawk's-beard, slender hawk's-beard
- Crepis aurea - golden hawk's-beard
- Crepis bakeri - Baker's hawksbeard
- Crepis barbigera - bearded hawk's-beard
- Crepis biennis - rough hawksbeard
- Crepis bungei
- Crepis bursifolia - Italian hawksbit
- Crepis capillaris - smooth hawksbeard, green crepis
- Crepis conyzifolia
- Crepis dioscoridis
- Crepis elegans - elegant hawk's-beard
- Crepis foetida - stinking hawksbeard, roadside hawk's-beard
- Crepis incana - pink dandelion
- Crepis intermedia - limestone hawksbeard, small-flower hawk's-beard
- Crepis kotschyana
- Crepis micrantha
- Crepis modocensis - Modoc hawksbeard, Siskiyou hawksbeard
- Crepis mollis - northern hawksbeard
- Crepis monticola - mountain hawksbeard
- Crepis nana - dwarf alpine hawksbeard
- Crepis nicaeensis - French hawksbeard, Turkish hawksbeard
- Crepis occidentalis - largeflower hawksbeard, gray hawk's-beard, western hawk's-beard
- Crepis paludosa - marsh hawksbeard
- Crepis pannonica - pasture hawksbeard
- Crepis phoenix
- Crepis pleurocarpa - nakedstem hawksbeard, naked hawk's-beard
- Crepis pontana
- Crepis praemorsa - leafless hawksbeard
- Crepis pulchra - small-flower hawk's-beard
- Crepis pyrenaica
- Crepis rubra - red hawksbeard, pink hawk's-beard
- Crepis runcinata - fiddleleaf hawksbeard
- Crepis setosa - bristly hawksbeard
- Crepis sibirica
- Crepis sodiroi
- Crepis tectorum - narrow-leaved hawksbeard
- Crepis thompsonii
- Crepis vesicaria - beaked hawksbeard, dandelion hawk's-beard, weedy hawk's-beard
- Crepis zacintha - striped hawksbeard
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Crepis. Flora of North America.
- ^ a b c Enke, N. and B. Gemeinholzer. (2008). Babcock revisited: New insights into generic delimitation and character evolution in Crepis L.(Compositae: Cichorieae) from ITS and matK sequence data. Taxon 57(3) 756-68.
- ^ White, I.M. (1984). Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidea). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects. 10 pt 5a. Royal Entomological Society of London. pp. 134 pp. ISBN 0901546682.
- ^ D. L. Buckingham and W. J. Peach (2005). "The influence of livestock management on habitat quality for farmland birds". Animal Science 81: 199–203. doi:10.1079/asc50700199.
- ^ Zidorn, C. (2008). "Sesquiterpene lactones and their precursors as chemosystematic markers in the tribe Cichorieae of the Asteraceae". Phytochemistry (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) 69: 2270–2296. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.06.013. ISSN 0031-9422.
- ^ Zidorn, C., et al. (2008). "Phenolics as chemosystematic markers in and for the genus Crepis (Asteraceae, Cichorieae)". Scientia Pharmaceutica (Vienna, Austria) 76: 743–50. doi:10.3797/scipharm.0810-25. ISSN 0036-8709.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crepis&oldid=609809579 |
Depth range based on 7 specimens in 2 taxa.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 12 - 42.9723
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 12 - 42.9723
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Ocean Biogeographic Information System |
| Source | http://www.iobis.org/mapper/?taxon_id=823447 |