Manilkara Adans.
EOL Text
Depth range based on 10 specimens in 3 taxa.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.5 - 1
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0.5 - 1
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Ocean Biogeographic Information System |
| Source | http://www.iobis.org/mapper/?taxon_id=792805 |
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:93
Specimens with Sequences:119
Specimens with Barcodes:114
Species:16
Species With Barcodes:16
Public Records:52
Public Species:12
Public BINs:0
- "Sapota" redirects here. This can also specifically refer to the Sapodilla (M. zapodilla).
Manilkara is a genus of trees in the family Sapotaceae. They are widespread in tropical and semitropical locations, in Africa, Madagascar, Asia, Australia, and Latin America, as well as various islands in the Pacific and in the Caribbean.[4] A close relative is the genus Pouteria.
Trees of this genus yield edible fruit, useful wood, and latex. The best-known species are M. bidentata (balatá), M. chicle (chicle) and M. zapota (sapodilla). M. hexandra is the floral emblem of Prachuap Khiri Khan Province in Thailand, where it is known as rayan. M. obovata shares the vernacular name of African pear with another completely different species, Dacryodes edulis, and neither should be confused with Baillonella toxisperma, known by the very similar name, African pearwood.
The generic name, Manilkara, is derived from manil-kara, a vernacular name for M. kauki in Malayalam.[5]
Manilkara trees are often significant, or even dominant species in their native ecosystems, such as East Deccan dry evergreen forests, Central American premontane tropical wet forests, or together with Cynometra, in the Arabuko Sokoke National Park.
Manilkara fruit are an important food item for various frugivores, in particular birds. The red fruit bat (Stenoderma rufum) is the primary – and possibly the only – seed disperser of M. bidentata in parts of the Caribbean. Tuckerella xiamenensis, a species of peacock mite, was described from a sapodilla tree.
Several species are endangered due to overexploitation and habitat destruction. M. gonavensis of Haiti and M. spectabilis of Costa Rica are almost extinct.
Selected species[edit]
These species are among those included in the genus Manilkara:[6][7][8]
References[edit]
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- ^ a b Fam. Pl. (Adanson) 2: 166, 574. 1763 [Jul-Aug 1763] "Plant Name Details for Genus Manilkara". IPNI. Retrieved December 23, 2009. "Nomenclatural Notes: nom. cons. Type Name: M. kauki (Linnaeus) Dubard (Mimusops kauki Linnaeus) (typ. cons.) ; basionym of: Sapotaceae Mimusops subgen. Manilkara (Adans.) Pierre & Urb., Symb. Antill. (Urban). 5: 162. 1904"
- ^ GRIN (March 31, 2009). "Achras information from NPGS/GRIN". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Retrieved December 23, 2009. "Comment: a rejected (nom. rej.), heterotypic synonym (Vienna ICBN Art. 14.4 & App. III) of Manilkara Adans., nom. cons."
- ^ Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. [unpaged]. 1754 [28 Jan 1754] "Plant Name Details for Genus Sapota". IPNI. Retrieved December 23, 2009. "Nomenclatural Notes: nom. illeg. nom. superfl. Achras Linnaeus (1753)."
- ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. III: M-Q. CRC Press. p. 1609. ISBN 978-0-8493-2677-6.
- ^ GRIN. "Species in GRIN for genus Manilkara". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Retrieved December 23, 2009.
- ^ M. obovata listed in Mabberley's The Plant Book and also at Encyclopedia of Life
- ^ "Query Results for Genus Manilkara". IPNI. Retrieved December 24, 2009.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manilkara&oldid=631618197 |
- "Wongi" redirects here. For the group of Indigenous Australians, see Wangai.
Manilkara kauki is a plant in the subfamily Sapotoideae, and the tribe Sapoteae of the Sapotaceae family;[3] and is the type species for the genus Manilkara.[2] It occurs in tropical Asia from Indo-China (Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam) to Malesia (Indonesia, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea); and also in northern Queensland in Australia. In Java, the plant is called sawo kacik, and is associated with the royal Javanese ritual. Throughout the world it is known generally by the name caqui,[3] but in Australia it is called wongi.
Description[edit]
The leaves are rigid, blunt-tipped, dark-green on the upper leaf face, and pale and silky below. The edible, orange-red fruit is 3-4 cm long.[4]
Uses[edit]
For reforestation purposes, M. kauki is a useful graft stock for M. zapota, and parts of the plant are used in herbal medicine.[3] The fruit is reported to be very tasty, and is traditionally eaten by Torres Strait Islanders, who travel from island to island to harvest the crop.
References[edit]
- ^ a b Annales du Musée Coloniale de Marseille ser. 3, 3 1915 "Plant Name Details for Manilkara kauki". Retrieved December 30, 2009. basionym: Sapotaceae Mimusops kauki L.
- ^ a b Species Plantarum 2 1753 "Plant Name Details for Mimusops kauki". Retrieved December 30, 2009. Type Information: "Habitat in Zeylona." basionym of: Sapotaceae Manilkara kauki
- ^ a b c d GRIN (March 17, 2008). "Manilkara kauki information from NPGS/GRIN". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Retrieved December 30, 2009.
- ^ Low, T. (1988). Wild Food Plants of Australia. ISBN 0-207-16930-6.
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| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manilkara_kauki&oldid=640791919 |
Trees and shrubs, with leaves in terminal rosette-like clusters. Stipules 0 or soon caducous. Flowers long-pedicellate, borne in axils of current and recently fallen leaves. Sepals 6 in two dissimilar whorls of three. Corolla of six deeply 3-lobed petals joined in a tube at the base. Anthers relatively small (c.1.5 mm). Staminodes glabrous.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings, Flora of Zimbabwe |
| Source | http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/genus.php?genus_id=1074 |