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Magnoliopsida
Marcgravia L.
EOL Text
Marcgravia
Arbustos sarmentosos, usualmente epífitas, con ramas y hojas dimórficas; ramas juveniles trepadoras mediante raíces aéreas, los entrenudos cortos, con hojas de reducido tamaño; ramas adultas usualmente colgantes, con hojas 3-4 veces más largas que las juveniles. Hojas simples, enteras, alternas, usualmente con puntuaciones glandulares obscuras en la lámina o el margen; pecíolos usualmente cortos; estípulas ausentes. Flores bisexuales, actinomorfas, en racimos umbeliformes terminales; las flores periféricas fértiles, las centrales estériles, usualmente reemplazadas por nectarios alargados con una cavidad donde acumula abundante néctar; bractéolas adpresas al cáliz, similares a los sépalos. Cáliz con 4 sépalos decusados; corola en forma de caliptra, decidua; estambres 10 o más numerosos, los filamentos libres; ovario súpero, con 4-12 carpelos unidos, con numerosos óvulos. Fruto una baya, globosa u ovoide con numerosas semillas rodeadas por un arilo rojizo. Género con 45 especies distribuidas a través del neotrópico.
Marcgravia
Clambering shrubs, usually epiphytic, with dimorphic branches and leaves; juvenile branches climbing by means of aerial roots, the internodes short, with leaves of reduced size; adult branches usually pendulous, with leaves 3-4 times as long as the juvenile ones. Leaves simple, entire, alternate, usually with dark glandular dots on the blade or the margin; petioles usually short; stipules absent. Flowers bisexual, in terminal umbelliform racemes; the peripheral flowers fertile, the central ones sterile, usually replaced by elongate nectaries with a cavity or pocket in which abundant nectar accumulates; bracteoles appressed to the calyx, similar in form to the sepals. Calyx of 4 decussate sepals; corolla in the form of a calyptra, deciduous; stamens 10 or more numerous, the filaments free; ovary superior, with 4-12 carpels, with numerous ovules. Fruit a berry, globose or ovoid, with numerous seeds surrounded by a reddish aril. A genus of 45 species, distributed throughout the Neotropics.
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:9
Specimens with Sequences:16
Specimens with Barcodes:15
Species:5
Species With Barcodes:5
Public Records:8
Public Species:4
Public BINs:0
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 5
Species With Barcodes: 1
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 2
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Marcgravia is a genus of plant in family Marcgraviaceae, native to the Caribbean Islands, Central America, and South America.
Species
References
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License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marcgravia&oldid=541581042 |
Toadfishes, family Batrachoididae, are a group of about 70 mostly marine, bottom-dwelling fish that make up a single family in the fish order Batrachoidiformes. Toadfish have cryptic coloration and a characteristic body shape suited for their sedentary lifestyle: a broad, flattened head with eyes set on top and a large mouth. They are opportunistic ambush predators, hiding in wait in shelters on rocky or muddy bottoms to catch their prey (fish and invertebrates). Males call mates to their nest with croaking, hooting, grunting and humming sounds they make using their swim bladder; toadfish also make (different) noises when threatened. Little is known about the behavior or natural history of most toadfishes, but in at least some species, males to tend the eggs after they are laid in the nest, and then protect the embryos until they are self-sufficient, about 3-4 weeks; in the fish world, this a large parental investment.
There are three subfamilies in the Batrachoididae:
The generalized Batrachiodinae (~43 species) are found world-wide, mostly in marine waters but there are a few freshwater species, this subfamily includes the species Opsanus tau, a species of note as a research animal.
The Porichtynae (15 species), known as midshipmen fish, are found only in the new world. These are a more specialized group characterized by rows of photophores (light-producing organs) along their lateral lines.
The Thalassophryninae (11 species) are also found only in the new world, but most species are uncommon. These toadfishes have venom glands connected to the dorsal fin spines, an apparatus considers the most highly developed among fish, which are usually only grooved spines. The toxin is painful and has been characterized as a new family of toxins, but is not as serious a health risk as lionfish (genusPterois) toxin; run-ins with Thalassophryne nattereri have caused problems for fishermen in Brazil.
Some batrachoidid species are available in the aquarium trade, for example Thalassophryne amazonica, the prehistoric monster fish and Batrachomoeus trispinosus, the three-spined frog fish, Some species are marketed for human consumption.
Fish in the families Psychrolutidae and Tetraodontidae are also given the common name toadfish, but these are unrelated to batrachoidid frogfishes.
(Collette 1966; Froese and Pauly 2011; Magalhães et al. 2005; Rice and Bass 2009; Seriously Fish; Wikipedia 2011)
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Dana Campbell, Dana Campbell |
Source | No source database. |
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:204
Specimens with Sequences:160
Specimens with Barcodes:160
Species:33
Species With Barcodes:28
Public Records:85
Public Species:19
Public BINs:22