Justicia brandegeeana Wassh. & L.B. Sm.
EOL Text
In Pakistan, the Shrimp plant is grown as on ornamental for its showy spikes.
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United States
Origin: Exotic
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Unknown/Undetermined
Confidence: Confident
Distribution: A native of Mexico, cultivated elsewhere.
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A small shrublet, up to 1.5 m, much branched from the base, young twigs with patent hairs. Leaves with 1-3 cm long, slender strigose petioles; lamina ovate o lanceolate-ovate, 2.5-9 x 2-5 cm, sparsely hirsute on both sides, entire, basally attenuate, acute. Flowers white or pale-lilac, 2-3.5 cm long in terminal or axillary, up to 10 cm long, strobilate, reddish-brown spikes; bracts broadly ovate, 10-20 x 7-15 mm, pilose and densely ciliate obtuse or ± acute, reddish-brown, closely imbricate; bracteoles oblong-lanceolate to ovate, c. 10 mm long, ciliate. Calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate, 5-7 mm long, ciliate. Corolla tube 1.5-2.5 cm long, soft hairy outside, upper lip smaller than lower, ± entire, lower lip purple spotted within, shallowly 3-lobed, Ovary glabrous with filiform, hairy style. Capsule oblong, 10-12 mm long, puberulent. Seeds ± ovate, c. 3 mm long, smooth.
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Isotype for Beloperone pringlei S. Watson
Catalog Number: US 49869
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Original publication and alleged type specimen examined
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): C. G. Pringle
Year Collected: 1889
Locality: Hills near Monterrey., Nuevo León, Mexico, North America
- Isotype: Watson, S. 1890. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. 25: 160.
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Isotype for Beloperone guttata Brandegee
Catalog Number: US 463830
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Original publication and alleged type specimen examined
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): C. A. Purpus
Year Collected: 1911
Locality: Rio de las Gallinas, near Rascon., San Luis Potosi, Mexico, North America
- Isotype: Brandegee, T. S. 1912. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 278.
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| Rights holder/Author | This image was obtained from the Smithsonian Institution. Unless otherwise noted, this image or its contents may be protected by international copyright laws. |
| Source | http://collections.mnh.si.edu/search/botany/?irn=2159052 |
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 2
Species With Barcodes: 1
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable
Rounded Global Status Rank: GNR - Not Yet Ranked
Justicia brandegeeana (Mexican shrimp plant, shrimp plant or false hop[2]) is an evergreen shrub in the genus Justicia of the family Acanthaceae, native to Mexico,[1] and also naturalized in Florida.
It grows to 1 m tall (rarely more) with spindly limbs. The leaves are oval, green, 3-7.5 cm long. The flowers are white, extending from red bracts which look a bit like a shrimp, hence the shrub's common name, shrimp flower.
The species is named after the American botanist Townshend Stith Brandegee (1843–1925); the scientific name is commonly seen misspelled "brandegeana".
Description[edit]
J. brandegeeana is a bushy evergreen shrub growing to 100 cm (39 in) tall by 60–90 cm (24–35 in) broad. The stems and leaves are downy.[2] The leaves are variegated and usually grow in clusters on the branches. As the plant receives more sun, the amount of creamy white on the speckled leaves will increase, and vice versa. The flowers emerge from bracts that form off the stems. The bracts start out white, but with more sun exposure they turn anywhere from pale pink to deep salmon. A chain of bracts will continue to grow until it falls off in most cases; thus the chains can grow anywhere from a few inches to nearly a foot in length. Flowers emerge from the bracts; usually they are long, thin, and white with speckled maroon throats.
Blooming continues for months once it has begun, then halts for a short period before starting again. The flowers attract hummingbirds and butterflies.Pollination is usually by hummingbirds
The family Acanthaceae is in the major group Angiosperms (flowering plants). The genus Justicia is in the family Acanthaceae.[3] The genus Justicia comprises about 600 species.[4] Research has been done on the phytochemical components of the numerous Justicia species, showing that they possess antitumor, antiviral and antidiabetic activity.[4]J. brandegeena has not been a topic of phytochemical research until recently.
Pests and diseases[edit]
Spider mites and whiteflies may be a problem.
Nematodes
Root Rot: Fungal diseases that cause decay and rotting of the roots and premature plant death
Fungal leaf spotting or rust may afflict plants.[5]
Cultivation[edit]
The shrimp plant thrives in the shade in tropical areas. It does best in well-drained sandy or loamy soil, but is generally low maintenance and drought-tolerant. As it dislikes temperatures below 7 °C (45 °F), it is best grown under glass in cooler temperate areas,[2] where it is excellent as a potted houseplant, owing to its ability to tolerate low light and some neglect. Fertilization is not required.
The shape is generally long and spindly. If trimmed back regularly, it can maintain a bushy habit and will not need support. If the branches are allowed to grow long, they will become unable to support themselves and sag towards the ground.
Numerous cultivars are available, with different flower bract colors, including yellow, pink and dark brick-red.
It can be propagated by stem cuttings.
This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[6]
In terms of maintenance, if Justicia brandegeeana is not kept well trimmed it can become a messy shrub. Also, if left alone can grow over 24 inches tall. It therefore requires trimming back annually if it is to hold its shape and retain a desirable size. This shrub is expected to last for 10 to 20 years.[7]
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Justicia brandegeeana Wassh. & L. B. Sm.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2010-03-08. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
- ^ a b c RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964.
- ^ "The Plant List". http://www.theplantlist.org/. Missing or empty
|url=(help);|accessdate=requires|url=(help) - ^ a b Jiang; Xiao-hua (2014). "Essential Oil Composition of Justicia brandegeeana". Chemistry of Natural Compounds 50.1: 149–150.
- ^ "58°F San Francisco Sign InRegister NEWS SPORTS BUSINESS A&E FOOD LIVING TRAVEL REAL ESTATE CARS JOBS COLUMNS FIND&SAVE Justicia brandegeeana a natural for a tropical garden". http://www.sfgate.com/homeandgarden/pickoftheweek/article/Justicia-brandegeeana-a-natural-for-a-tropical-5514976.php. Missing or empty
|url=(help);|accessdate=requires|url=(help) - ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Justicia brandegeeana". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ http://www.plantsrescue.com/tag/justicia-brandegeeana/. Missing or empty
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| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Justicia_brandegeeana&oldid=631095100 |